Compared to male endurance runners, female endurance runners demonstrated lower relative intakes of energy (kcal/kg/day), protein (g/kg/day), fat (g/kg/day), fiber, vegetables, total protein, and oils.Conclusion This study provides evidence of the nutritional risk of adolescent endurance runners and underscores the importance of nutritional support efforts in this population.Purpose To evaluate near point of convergence (NPC), near point of accommodation (NPA), and accommodative facility (AF) in order to determine their normative data in a rural population.Methods The target population for this population-based, cross-sectional study was people living in rural areas. Each subject underwent extensive optometric and ophthalmic examinations, including the measurement of visual acuity, refraction, NPA, NPC, and AF.Results The data of 1113 individuals was analyzed of whom 58.8% (n = 576) were women. The mean age of the participants was 15.26 ± 7.38 years (range 6-30 years). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jph203.html The mean spherical equivalent of the subjects was 0.16 ± 0.63 D. The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism was 16.28% (13.97-18.58), 5.97% (4.49-7.44), 11.93% (9.91-13.95) in this study, respectively The mean and 95% confidence interval of NPC, NPA, and binocular accommodative facility (BAF) was 6.99 cm (6.84-7.15), 9.91 cm (9.71-10.11), and 9.84 cpm (9.63-10.06), respectively. A significant correlation was found between age and the parameters such that all evaluated parameters worsened significantly with age (P less then .001).Conclusion The results of the present study showed the normal ranges of NPA, NPC, and BAF in a 6-30 year-old population living in rural areas of northern Iran. These parameters changed significantly with age.We examined the risk of osteoarthritis (OA) according to vitamin D status and bone mineral density (BMD) using a cross-sectional nationally representative database.
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007 to 2010 were used to assess the relationship between OA and vitamin D status in adults aged ?40?years (?=?2934). NHANES data from 2005 to 2010 and 2013 to 2014 were analyzed to investigate the association between OA and BMD (?=?5949). Vitamin D status was categorized as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) &lt;20?ng/mL or ?20?ng/mL. Bone health was classified according to T-score (normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis) and BMD tertile. Risk of OA was assessed using logistic regression and adjusted for covariates.
Participants with serum 25OHD &lt;20?ng/mL had a 37% lower risk of OA (95% confidence interval (CI) [0.39-0.99], ?=?0.046). When stratified by sex, the odds ratio for OA in men with lower vitamin D status was 0.35 (95% CI [0.15-0.81], ?=?0.02). No association was found in women. The risk for OA did not differ according to BMD tertile or T-score classification.
The risk of OA is lower in older men with 25OHD less than 20?ng/mL but not in older women. Bone mineral density is not associated with OA risk in older adults in the United States.
The risk of OA is lower in older men with 25OHD less than 20?ng/mL but not in older women. Bone mineral density is not associated with OA risk in older adults in the United States.Low muscle mass and muscle function are associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults. This study examined nutrient intake as a potential contributing factor for low muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle power in geriatric outpatients.
This cross-sectional study included geriatric outpatients (n?=?58, 38 female) with a mean age of 77.2?±?9.0?years referred to the Falls and Balance outpatient clinic between December 2017 and January 2019. Nutrient intake (macro- and micronutrients) was examined using a 3-day food diary. Energy-adjusted nutrient intake was calculated using the residual method. Sex-standardized muscle measures included muscle mass assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (skeletal muscle mass [SMM in kilograms], SMM index [SMM/heightin kg/m], and SMM/body mass index), handgrip strength (muscle strength) assessed using a dynamometer, and chair-stand test (muscle power). Univariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations of nutrient intake with muscle measures adjusted for age and body weight. A Bonferroni correction was applied to account for multiple testing (?&lt;?0.001).
Higher energy, iodine, and folate intake were associated with higher muscle mass, and higher folate intake was associated with higher muscle strength (?&lt;?0.05). After Bonferroni correction, none of the nutrient intakes remained statistically significant. None of the other nutrients was associated with muscle measures.
Only a few nutrients were associated with muscle measures. Nutrient intake appears to be more related to muscle mass than muscle strength and muscle power in geriatric outpatients.
Only a few nutrients were associated with muscle measures. Nutrient intake appears to be more related to muscle mass than muscle strength and muscle power in geriatric outpatients.Radiation exposure is known to increase the risk of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, by modulating inflammation.
To investigate the infiltration of leukocytes in radiation-aggravated atherosclerosis, we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice and C57BL/6j mice after exposure to 0.5 or 1?Gy radiation over 16weeks.
We found that radiation exposure induced atherosclerosis development in Ldlr-/- mice, as demonstrated by increased lipid-laden plaque size, reactive oxygen species levels, and levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, in the aortas and spleens. Total plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels were also increased by radiation exposure, along with cardiovascular risk. We also showed dose-dependent increases in neutrophils and monocytes that coincided with a reduction in lymphocytes in the spleens of Ldlr-/- mice. The correlation between the infiltration of leukocytes and cytokine production was also confirmed in the hearts and spleens of these mice.